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Autophagy protein ATG5. Forms a conjugate with ATG12 with an essential role in plant nutrient recycling. Mutants missing ATG5 display early senescence and are hypersensitive to nitrogen or carbon starvation, accompanied by a more rapid loss of organellar and cytoplasmic proteins.
Required for autophagy. Conjugation to ATG12 is essential for plant nutrient recycling (PubMed:16040659). Involved in a negative feedback loop that modulates NPR1-dependent salicylic acid (SA) signaling and limits senescence and immunity-related programmed cell death (PCD) in plants (PubMed:19773385). Involved in complete proteolysis of chloroplast stroma proteins in senescent leaves (PubMed:23327451). Involved in the degradation of damaged peroxisomes (PubMed:24463818).