| Description | Viral protein that counteracts the translation shutoff set up by the bacterial host in order to inhibit viral replication. This antiviral defense system alters a crucial cellular process thereby blocking virus multiplication and ending up with host dormancy or even cell death. For example, some E.coli strains infected by bacteriophage T4 activate an anticodon nuclease which causes depletion of tRNA(Lys) and, consequently, abolishes T4 protein synthesis and causes cell death. However, this effect is counteracted by the repair of tRNA(Lys) in consecutive reactions catalyzed by the viral enzymes polynucleotide kinase and RNA ligase. The ToxIN system functions as a toxin-antitoxin (TA) tandem which is used as a antiviral defense mechanism |
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