| Description | Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) is a small (10 Kd) protein that binds medium-and long-chain acyl-CoA esters with very high affinity and may function as an intracellular carrier of acyl-CoA esters [ ]. ACBP is also known as diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) or endozepine (EP) because of its ability to displace diazepam from the benzodiazepine (BZD) recognition site located on the GABA type A receptor. It is therefore possible that this protein also acts as a neuropeptide to modulate the action of the GABA receptor [].ACBP is a highly conserved protein of about 90 residues that is found in all four eukaryotic kingdoms, Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista, and in some eubacterial species [ ].Although ACBP occurs as a completely independent protein, intact ACB domains have been identified in a number of large, multifunctional proteins in a variety of eukaryotic species. These include large membrane-associated proteins with N-terminal ACB domains, multifunctional enzymes with both ACB and peroxisomal enoyl-CoA Delta(3), Delta(2)-enoyl-CoA isomerase domains, and proteins with both an ACB domain and ankyrin repeats ( ) [ ].The ACB domain consists of four α-helices arranged in a bowl shape with a highly exposed acyl-CoA-binding site. The ligand is bound through specific interactions with residues on the protein, most notably several conserved positive charges that interact with the phosphate group on the adenosine-3'phosphate moiety, and the acyl chain is sandwiched between the hydrophobic surfaces of CoA and the protein [ ].Other proteins containing an ACB domain include:Endozepine-like peptide (ELP) (gene DBIL5) from mouse [ ]. ELP is a testis-specific ACBP homologue that may be involved in the energy metabolism of the mature sperm.MA-DBI, a transmembrane protein of unknown function which has been found in mammals. MA-DBI contains a N-terminal ACB domain.DRS-1 [ ], a human protein of unknown function that contains a N-terminal ACB domain and a C-terminal enoyl-CoA isomerase/hydratase domain. | Name | Acyl-CoA-binding protein, ACBP |
| Short Name | Acyl-CoA-binding_protein | Type | Domain |
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