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Search results 42701 to 42800 out of 43165 for cell

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Hits by Organism

Type Details Score
Protein Domain
IPR006056
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Protein Domain
IPR055265
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Protein Domain
IPR004048
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Protein Domain
IPR004052
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Protein Domain
IPR004050
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Protein Domain
IPR002260
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Protein Domain
IPR002265
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Protein Domain
IPR002271
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Protein Domain
IPR002270
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Protein Domain
IPR005083
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GO Term
GO:2000201 | negative regulation of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus.
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GO Term
GO:2000202 | positive regulation of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus.
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Ontology Term
- | Peptidoglycan synthesis
Description: Protein involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan which consists of a glycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of D-glucosamine and either muramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D- glucose} or L-talosaminuronic acid (2-amino-2-deoxy-L-taluronic acid), which are usually N-acetylated or N-glycoloylated. The carboxyl group of the muramic acid is commonly substituted by a peptide containing residues of both L- and D-amino acids, whereas that of L- talosaminuronic acid is substituted by a peptide consisting of L-amino acids only. These peptide units may be cross-linked by a peptide bond, thereby giving rise to a giant macromolecule that forms the rigid cell wall (sacculus or murein sacculus). This macromolecule is known to occur as a monomolecular layer between the inner and outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria and as a multimolecular layer, often associated covalently or non-covalently with various additional compounds (teichoic acids, neutral polysaccharides. etc.) in Gram-positive bacteria. In the archaebacteria, several organisms contain a peptidoglycan, also called pseudomurein, which differs in certain respects from those of the eubacteria
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Ontology Term
- | Archaeal flagellum
Description: The archaellum (archaeal flagellum) is the motility apparatus of archaea which propels the cell through liquid medium. The archaellum is the functional equivalent of the bacterial flagellum but its architecture, composition and mode of assembly is completely unrelated. The archaellum is thinner (10-15 nm) compared to the bacterial flagellum (18-24 nm). Its filament is assembled from archaellin subunits, which are N-glycosylated proteins. The archaellum is considered to be a type IV pilus-like structure and accordingly is assembled from the base into a 3-start helix. Archaellins have a type III signal sequence which is removed by the pre-archaellin peptidase Core components of the assembly machinery are ArlI and ArlJ (previously FlaI, FlaJ) which are distantly related to PilB and PilC from type II secretion systems and type IV pills assembly systems ArlI is a dual function ATPase which first assembles the filament and then rotates it by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis. Ion gradients are not used for archaellum rotation
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Ontology Term
- | Archaeal flagellum biogenesis
Description: Protein which is involved in the formation, organization or maintenance of the archaellum (archaeal flagellum) the motility apparatus of archaea which propels the cell through liquid medium. The archaellum is the functional equivalent of the bacterial flagellum but its architecture, composition and mode of assembly is completely unrelated. The archaellum is thinner (10-15 nm) compared to the bacterial flagellum (18-24 nm). Its filament is assembled from archaellin subunits (archaeal flagellin), N-glycosylated proteins. The archaellum is considered to be a type IV pilus-like structure and accordingly is assembled from the base into a 3-start helix Archaellins have a type III signal sequence which is removed by the pre-archaellin peptidase. Core components of the assembly machinery are ArlI and ArlJ (previously FlaI, FlaJ) which are distantly related to PilB and PilC from type II secretion systems and type IV pills assembly systems. ArlI is a dual function ATPase which first assembles the filament and then rotates it by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis
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GO Term
GO:0000304 | response to singlet oxygen
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a singlet oxygen stimulus. Singlet oxygen is a dioxygen (O2) molecule in which two 2p electrons have similar spin. Singlet oxygen is more highly reactive than the form in which these electrons are of opposite spin, and it is produced in mutant chloroplasts lacking carotenoids and by leukocytes during metabolic burst.
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GO Term
GO:0006260 | DNA replication
Description: The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by the origin recognition complex, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.
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GO Term
GO:0007268 | chemical synaptic transmission
Description: The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
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GO Term
GO:0002416 | IgG immunoglobulin transcytosis in epithelial cells mediated by FcRn immunoglobulin receptor
Description: The process of transporting IgG immunoglobulin, via transcytosis using the FcRn (also known as the neonatal Fc receptor; gene name FCGRT), from apical surface of an epithelial cell to the basolateral surface or vice versa depending on the location. This process is used for uptake of IgG from the milk in the gut in rodents, for transplacental transport of IgG from mother to embryo in humans, and for maintenance of a steady-state distribution of IgG across epithelial boundaries in general in adult mammals.
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GO Term
GO:0005652 | nuclear lamina
Description: The fibrous, electron-dense layer lying on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner membrane of a cell nucleus, composed of lamin filaments. The polypeptides of the lamina are thought to be concerned in the dissolution of the nuclear envelope and its re-formation during mitosis. The lamina is composed of lamin A and lamin C filaments cross-linked into an orthogonal lattice, which is attached via lamin B to the inner nuclear membrane through interactions with a lamin B receptor, an IFAP, in the membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0010405 | arabinogalactan protein metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein of highly varying length and domain complexity. These are O-glycosylated at one or more hydroxyproline residues by arabinogalactan (AG) type II groups, which consist of (1->3)-beta-galactan and (1->6)-beta-linked galactan chains connected to each other by (1->3,1->6)-linked branch points, O-3 and O-6 positions substituted with terminal arabinosyl residues. Also, rhamnose, fucose, glucuronic and galacturonic acid can be present in the glycan structures.
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GO Term
GO:0019647 | formaldehyde assimilation via ribulose monophosphate cycle
Description: The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the ribulose monophosphate cycle. Methanotrophic bacteria produce formaldehyde from the oxidation of methane and methanol, and then assimilate it via the ribulose monophosphate cycle to form intermediates of the central metabolic routes that are subsequently used for biosynthesis of cell material. Three molecules of formaldehyde are assimilated, forming a three-carbon intermediate of central metabolism; in this pathway, all cellular carbon is assimilated at the oxidation level of formaldehyde.
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GO Term
GO:0031960 | response to corticosteroid
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
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GO Term
GO:0051932 | synaptic transmission, GABAergic
Description: The vesicular release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of GABA receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
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GO Term
GO:0044321 | response to leptin
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leptin stimulus. Leptin is a hormone manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is directly proportional to the total amount of fat in the body. It plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism].
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GO Term
GO:0034616 | response to laminar fluid shear stress
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers. As an example, laminar shear stress can be seen where blood flows against the luminal side of blood vessel walls.
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GO Term
GO:0060070 | canonical Wnt signaling pathway
Description: A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
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GO Term
GO:0071480 | cellular response to gamma radiation
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
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GO Term
GO:0086033 | G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate
Description: A G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway that contributes to a decrease in frequency or rate of heart contraction. Binding of acetylcholine to a G protein-coupled (muscarinic) receptor on the surface of the signal-receiving cell results in the alpha subunit of a coupled G-protein binding to GTP. This results in the separation of the beta-gamma complex from the alpha subunit. Both the alpha subunit, and the beta-gamma complex can continue to signal to bring about membrane hyperpolarization and a reduction in heart rate.
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GO Term
GO:0120164 | conidium germination
Description: The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a conidium or asexual spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of development such as swelling of conidia, adhesion and nuclear decondensation followed by hyphal growth several hours later. In many genera of plant pathogenic fungi (e.g. Magnaporthe, Colletotrichum, Ustilago), swelling of the hyphal tips to form appressorium, metabolic activities including respiration, RNA and protein synthesis and trehalose breakdown and changes in cell wall composition can be detected in conidium germination.
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GO Term
GO:0061822 | ciliary cap
Description: An intracellular compartmentalized cilium structure found in insect spermatids which is bounded by a membrane derived from the invagination of the cell membrane that remains associated with the primary cilium as it is internalized. The ciliary cap is maintained at the end of the axoneme distal to the centriole and is separated from the cytosolic axoneme/cytoplasm by a putative transition zone, which may extend into the ciliary cap, and include a structure at the base of the ciliary cap termed the ring centriole.
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GO Term
GO:0044409 | symbiont entry into host
Description: Entry of a symbiont into the body, tissues, or cells of a host organism as part of the symbiont life cycle. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
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Protein Domain
IPR018498
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Protein Domain
IPR013087
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Protein Domain
IPR016246
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Protein Domain
IPR002393
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Protein Domain
IPR000332
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Protein Domain
IPR002246
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Protein Domain
IPR002245
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Protein Domain
IPR002589
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Protein Domain
IPR014401
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Protein Domain
IPR001377
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Protein Domain
IPR003028
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Protein Domain
IPR009388
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Protein Domain
IPR014782
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Protein Domain
IPR001292
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Protein Domain
IPR002628
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Protein Domain
IPR000053
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Protein Domain
IPR018090
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Protein Domain
IPR000306
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Protein Domain
IPR005382
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Protein Domain
IPR036236
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Protein Domain
IPR001634
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Protein Domain
IPR001671
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Protein Domain
IPR023035
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Protein Domain
IPR000967
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Protein Domain
IPR000962
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Protein Domain
IPR020460
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Protein Domain
IPR036888
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Protein Domain
IPR000913
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Protein Domain
IPR010793
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Protein Domain
IPR020458
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Protein Domain
IPR019799
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Protein Domain
IPR020889
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Protein Domain
IPR054099
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Protein Domain
IPR008797
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Protein Domain
IPR020924
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Protein Domain
IPR005387
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Protein Domain
IPR003071
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Protein Domain
IPR017872
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Protein Domain
IPR003164
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Protein Domain
IPR017921
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Protein Domain
IPR017907
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Protein Domain
IPR003390
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Protein Domain
IPR037275
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Protein Domain
IPR013101
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Protein Domain
IPR003991
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Protein Domain
IPR018282
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Protein Domain
IPR006357
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GO Term
GO:0006311 | meiotic gene conversion
Description: The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele.
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GO Term
GO:0009549 | cellulose microfibril
Description: A microfibril composed of cellulose arranged in orthogonal layers. Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide composed of B(14) linked glucose subunits. It is a major component of plant cell walls. Higher plant microfibrils are about 10nm in diameter and extremely long in relation to their width. The cellulose molecules are oriented parallel to the long axis of the microfibril in a paracrystalline array, which provides great tensile strength. The microfibrils are held in place by the wall matrix and their orientation is closely controlled by the cell.
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GO Term
GO:0010332 | response to gamma radiation
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
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GO Term
GO:0140074 | cardiac endothelial to mesenchymal transition
Description: A transition where a cardiac endothelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. Endocardial cells (specialized endothelial cells that line the heart) undergo EndMT, and give rise to mesenchymal cells necessary for proper heart development. EndMT, specifically generates valve progenitor cells that give rise to the mitral and tricuspid valves. EndMT also contributes to endocardial cushion formation, as well as to generation of cardiac fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, but not cardiac myocytes.
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Protein Domain
IPR002268
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Protein Domain
IPR002269
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Protein Domain
IPR002264
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Protein Domain
IPR002263
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Protein Domain
IPR012897
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Protein Domain
IPR003323
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Protein Domain
IPR037065
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UniProt Feature
UniProt Feature
Begin: 214
Description: Ectopic stomata formation and increased accumulation; when associated with A-193, A-211, A-219 and A-255. Ectopic asymmetric cell divisions, but fails to produce stomata, and reduced repression by osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol); when associated with A-193, A-211 and A-219.
Type: mutagenesis site
End: 214
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UniProt Feature
UniProt Feature
Begin: 211
Description: Ectopic stomata formation and increased accumulation; when associated with A-193, A-214, A-219 and A-255. Ectopic asymmetric cell divisions, but fails to produce stomata, and reduced repression by osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol); when associated with A-193, A-214 and A-219.
Type: mutagenesis site
End: 211
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UniProt Feature
UniProt Feature
Begin: 219
Description: Ectopic stomata formation and increased accumulation; when associated with A-193, A-211, A-214 and A-255. Ectopic asymmetric cell divisions, but fails to produce stomata, and reduced repression by osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol); when associated with A-193, A-211 and A-214.
Type: mutagenesis site
End: 219
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UniProt Feature
UniProt Feature
Begin: 74
Description: In sol2; stem cell proliferation leading to large meristems, increased carpel number, and slightly shorter roots. Suppresses the short root phenotype of transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing the CLE19 gene. Enhanced resistance to CLV3 peptide that inhibits root growth.
Type: mutagenesis site
End: 74
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GO Term
GO:0044003 | symbiont-mediated perturbation of host process
Description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts a biological process in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
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GO Term
GO:0019048 | modulation by virus of host process
Description: The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
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GO Term
GO:0033314 | mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling
Description: A signal transduction process that contributes to a mitotic DNA replication checkpoint.
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GO Term
GO:0071578 | zinc ion import across plasma membrane
Description: The directed movement of zinc(2+) ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
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GO Term
GO:0005884 | actin filament
Description: A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0006505 | GPI anchor metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain.
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