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Search results 2601 to 2700 out of 2746 for Pattern triggered immunity

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GO Term
Description: Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adaptive immune response of the host organism, an immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory).
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Description: A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
GO Term
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Description: Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.
Ontology Term
Description: Component of the inflammasome complex involved in innate immunity and inflammation. Inflammasomes are supramolecular micron-sized complexes that assemble in the cytosol adjacent to the nucleus in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals. The core of inflammasomes consists of at least 2 components: a signal sensor and an effector inflammatory caspase (mostly CASP1). However, most inflammasomes contain a third element, an adaptor (often ASC/PYCARD) In response to a danger signal, the sensor homooligomerizes and interacts with the adaptor that polymerizes and forms a platform to recruit caspase precursors. This results in increased local concentration of the enzyme, leading to trans-autocleavage and activation. Active caspases process proinflammatory IL1B and IL18 cytokine precursors, which are then secreted in the extracellular milieu and induce inflammatory responses. In adaptor-independent inflammasomes, the sensor directly recruits the caspase. Additional proteins may interaction with the core complex. Inflammasomes also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death
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Description: The layer of cuticle most closely apposed to the hypodermal cells. The morphology of the basal layer varies with life stage. In adult C. elegans animals, the basal layers is comprised of three sublayers: two fibrous layers whose fibers run in clockwise and counter-clockwise directions meeting one another at a 60 degree angle, and an amorphous basal layer that lies underneath the fibrous layers and directly contacts the hypodermis. In C. elegans dauer and L1 larval stage animals, the basal layer is characterized by a striated pattern that appears to derive from interwoven laminae. An example of this component is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Ontology Term
Description: Protein synthesized or activated in the cell in response to viral infection, or protein with specific antiviral activity within the cell. Eukaryotic cells have an innate immune mechanism to fight viral infection, which is activated through the interferon signaling pathway or through dsRNA detection in the cytoplasm. It leads to the establishment of an antiviral cell state, which prevents virus replication or induces apoptosis. Most viruses have developed specific proteins to prevent the establishment of an antiviral state. About half of all bacteria and most archaea have a CRISPR (clustered regularly interspersed short plaindromic repeats) system of adaptive immunity to exogenous DNA. CRISPRs clusters are tandem arrays of alternating repeats and spacers, where the spacers in some cases are homologous to sequences from virus and plasmid genomes. The CRISPR arrays are transcribed, processed and in some way aid in detection and resistance to foreign DNA. In at least a few bacteria (E.coli, S.epidermidis) it seems DNA is the target, whereas in Pyrococcus furiosis it seems the CRISPR system targets RNA
Ontology Term
Description: Viral protein acting as an IgG Fc receptors, able to bind IgG and inhibit host Fc-dependent immune activation. Fc receptors are proteins found at the surface of certain cells of the immune system including macrophages, monocytes, natural killer cells or B-cells. They allow these cells to bind to antibodies that are attached to the surface of infected cells or pathogens, helping these cells to identify and eliminate pathogens
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